What information does Sophos Firewall share with devices it has a Security Heartbeat with to prevent lateral movement?

The correct choice is based on the role that the MAC address plays in the context of the Security Heartbeat feature within Sophos Firewall. The Security Heartbeat function is designed to enhance security measures by allowing a back-and-forth communication channel between the firewall and endpoints, which helps in effectively monitoring and controlling device activity on the network.

By utilizing the MAC address, the firewall can uniquely identify devices within the local network segment, which is essential for monitoring their security status. Sharing MAC addresses facilitates the enforcement of security policies specific to each device, helping to ensure that compromised devices are isolated, thereby preventing lateral movement of threats across the network.

Additionally, while other types of information could theoretically be relevant in different contexts, such as process filenames or user roles, they do not play as direct a role as the MAC address does in the context of uniquely identifying devices to manage their security states within the network effectively. The prioritization of MAC addresses supports the core functionality of the Security Heartbeat feature, making this the appropriate choice.